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New and Emerging Treatments in Lung Cancer

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Iressa

Generic drug name:

gefitinib

Brand/trade name:

Iressa

Manufactured by:

AstraZeneca

FDA approval:

Approval in the United States is limited to patients who previously benefited in June 2005 (see Overview)

Accelerated approval granted in May 2003

Type of drug:

Targeted Therapy (oral)

Overview:
Iressa is one of a new class of cancer treatments known as targeted therapies. Iressa is designed to block a particular protein, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which spurs the growth of cancer cells.

Due to promising clinical trial results, Iressa was granted accelerated FDA approval in May 2003. In December 2004, results from a clinical trial showed that Iressa did not provide a survival benefit over placebo for the majority of participants. As a result, in June 2005 the FDA limited use of Iressa to those patients who were benefiting from the treatment, and to use in clinical trials.

In July, 2009, Iressa was granted approval in Europe for the treatment of adults with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer whose tumors have tested positively for the EGFR mutation.

Clinical trials: Iressa continues to be tested in clinical trials in the United States and remains an approved treatment for non-small cell lung cancer in Europe and in 36 other countries. In August, 2009 the results of a Phase III trial called IPASS (Iressa PanAsia Study), Iressa demonstrated better progression-free survival compared with the combination chemotherapy of carboplatin and paclitaxel. This is the first time a single targeted therapy has shown significantly longer progression-free survival over chemotherapy.

Treatment Overview:
Iressa is given orally as a single tablet of 250 mg. Patients with more difficult side effects may be given a brief (up to 14 days) interruption in treatment, and then started again on the 250 mg daily dose.

Common side effects:
Targeted treatments tend to have fewer side effects than conventional chemotherapy. Most common side effects for patients taking Iressa were nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; rash; acne; and dry skin.

Special warnings:
Some patients taking Iressa have developed interstitial lung disease (ILD). ILD is a serious and life-threatening lung disease. For more information go to Medline Plus: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000128.htm

For more detailed information on treatment with Iressa, side effects, and availability: